The article titled “Antibiotic prescription sources and use among under-5 children with fever/cough in sub-Saharan Africa” provides a critical analysis of antibiotic use and prescription sources for children under 5 with fever or cough in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In particular, this analysis sheds light on the significant issue of antibiotic misuse, thereby emphasising the necessity for appropriate interventions.

Methodology

The study used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 2006 to 2021, covering 37 SSA countries and including 18,866 children under 5 with fever or cough.

Main Findings

Overall, the majority of children received antibiotics from unqualified sources, which highlights a significant issue with inappropriate use in the region. Moreover, the study identified that children with formally educated mothers were more likely to receive antibiotics from qualified sources. This finding stressed the vital role of maternal education in improving antibiotic prescription sources.

Implications and Recommendations

Consequently, these findings stress the need to address healthcare disparities, enhance access to qualified providers, and promote maternal education, to ensure proper antibiotic use. Moreover, there is an urgency for targeted interventions and policies to optimise antibiotic prescribing practices and combat AMR in sub-Saharan Africa.

Antimicrobial Resistance

The World Health Organization’s 2022 report highlights AMR as a leading cause of death, attributing 5 million deaths in 2019 to bacterial AMR. The United Nations warns that AMR can lead to 10 million deaths annually by 2050, resulting in severe economic consequences.

Gap in Existing Literature

The study addresses a gap by focusing on children under 5 with fever or cough in SSA. This population has often been overlooked in research, which typically focused on adults or limited simulations in a few countries.

Conclusion

The study offers insights into antibiotic prescription patterns and determinants for children under 5 in sub-Saharan Africa. This stresses the need for effective interventions to ensure proper antibiotic use and reduce antimicrobial resistance risks. Addressing these issues is vital for the health of children in the region.