The Biden administration’s proposal to expand anti-obesity medication coverage under Medicare and Medicaid focuses on improving access to these essential treatments for millions of Americans. With obesity affecting a large portion of the population, this initiative aims to tackle significant variations in access, cost, and coverage challenges.

Currently, millions of Americans struggle with obesity, yet access to effective anti-obesity medications is limited due to high costs and restrictive coverage policies. The proposed rule aims to expand access to these medications for approximately 3.4 million Medicare enrollees and 4 million Medicaid enrollees who are classified as obese, defined by a BMI of 30 kg/m² or higher. The out-of-pocket costs for anti-obesity medications can be prohibitively expensive, often exceeding $1,000 per month. This financial barrier prevents many individuals from accessing these life-saving treatments

Interventions to Overcome Low Anti-obesity Medication Coverage

Expanded Coverage:

The proposed rule would mandate that Medicare and Medicaid cover anti-obesity medications, significantly broadening access to these drugs. This expanded coverage includes medications like Wegovy (semaglutide), Ozempic (semaglutide), and Zepbound (tirzepatide).

Reduced Out-of-Pocket Costs:

The new proposal could reduce out-of-pocket costs for these prescription medications by as much as 95% for some Medicare enrollees. This change will make treatments more affordable and accessible.

Comprehensive Cost-Lowering Agenda:

The Biden administration is focused on a broader agenda to lower drug costs, which includes a drug price negotiation program and increased market competition. For example, the administration has successfully negotiated reduced prices for the first ten prescription drugs under Medicare, with savings ranging from 38% to 79% starting in 2026.

Addressing Health Disparities:

The expanded coverage will help reduce health disparities. It will particularly benefit low-income patients and Black and Hispanic individuals who often face barriers to accessing these essential medications.

Regulatory Changes:

The proposal would also tackle barriers to accessing care, such as inappropriate use of prior authorization. Notably, Medicare Advantage plans often reverse denials upon appeal, indicating that many enrollees might be missing out on necessary care due to initial rejections.

Financial Implications and Potential Opposition

The expanded coverage is projected to cost taxpayers up to $35 billion over the next decade. This raises concerns among proponents of reduced government spending. Potential opposition could arise from figures such as Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the nominated Head of the Department of Health and Human Services under the incoming administration.

In summary, the Biden administration’s proposal is a significant step towards enhancing access to anti-obesity medications by expanding coverage under Medicare and Medicaid, reducing out-of-pocket costs, and addressing broad cost and access challenges through comprehensive policy changes. By improving access to anti-obesity medications, we can help millions of individuals lead healthier lives.